<p>The development of hydrogen is a significant feature in the pathway to net-zero emissions in many scenarios developed by a variety of government and state-level research organisations, private enterprises, energy agencies, and international platforms. The IEA net-zero emissions by 2050 scenario, for example, highlights that the needed total transformation of the world&rsquo;s energy infrastructure would require the expansion of the production of low-carbon hydrogen from the current level of 450,000 tonnes to 40 million tonnes by 2030, just 8 years from now. The International Renewable Energy Agency (IRENA) estimates that hydrogen will account for nearly 12 percent of global energy use by 2050.</p>
