<p>The 2024 United Nations Climate Change Conference (COP29) conference in Azerbaijan was the third in succession held in the wider Middle East region, and the third in a row to occur in a significant oil and gas producer. Billed as the &ldquo;Finance COP&rdquo;, it concluded with significant discussions, commitments, and implementation of important policies, but also with political controversies. What were the key achievements, and which areas were not progressed? What are the implications for the next COP, in Brazil? And how does COP29 modify the outlook for long-term fossil fuel demand?</p>
